本义为“在服务中”,指机器、设备等处于运行或可使用状态,如“The elevator is in service.”(电梯正在使用)。引申为“服役中”,指船只、车辆等交通工具或军事装备正在使用,如“The battleship was in service for 30 years.”(这艘战舰服役了30年)。进一步引申为“在职”,指人正在从事某项工作,如“She has been in service as a nurse for a decade.”(她担任护士已十年)。在商业或公共服务领域,可指“在运营中”,如“The bus line is in service.”(这条公交线路在运营)。各义项均围绕“处于服务状态”这一核心。
“in service”常见于技术、交通、军事和职场等正式场合。在技术文档或设备说明中,表示设备可用,如“The new software is now in service.”(新软件现已投入使用)。在交通领域,指公交、航班等运营中,如“The line 2 is in service.”(2号线已开通运营)。在军事或海事中,指装备服役,如“The aircraft carrier remains in service.”(这艘航母仍在服役)。职场中,较少用于日常口语,多用于正式报告或简历,如“He was in service at the embassy.”(他曾在大使馆任职)。语气中性,不带褒贬。
语法说明
“in service”是介词短语,通常作表语或后置定语。作表语时,主语多为设备、交通工具或人,如“The machine is in service.”(机器在使用中)。作定语时,置于名词后,如“the buses in service”(运营中的公交车)。注意:当表示“在职”时,常与“as”搭配,如“in service as a teacher”(任职教师)。易错点:不要与“in the service of”(为……服务)混淆,后者强调服务对象。另外,“in service”多指状态,而“out of service”指停止使用或退役。
“in service”语域偏正式,适用于书面语和正式对话,日常口语中较少用,更常说“in use”或“working”。该短语无褒贬色彩,中性。常见误用:一是与“in the service”混淆,后者特指军队服役,如“He spent 20 years in the service.”(他服役20年);二是误用“in service”表示“在服务中”时,主语应为物或系统,若指人,则多表示仆人、佣人等,如“She was in service as a maid.”(她曾当女佣),现代用法已少。注意区分“in service”和“in servicing”(正在维修中)。
常见搭配
remain in service
be in service
put in service
out of service
in-service training
in-service teacher
in-service date
用法示例
The old elevator is still in service despite its age.尽管年代久远,这部旧电梯仍在运行。
The warship was in service for over 40 years before being decommissioned.这艘军舰服役了40多年后才退役。
She has been in service as a translator for the government for five years.她为政府担任翻译已经有五年了。
The new subway line will be in service next month.新地铁线路将于下个月投入运营。
All in-service staff must attend the safety training.所有在职员工都必须参加安全培训。
The company's website is now in service, offering 24/7 customer support.公司网站现已上线,提供全天候客户支持。